Ruff

Ruff reimplements what used to require Flake8, isort, and (via its formatter) Black — all as a single Rust binary running 10-100x faster than the Python-based tools it replaces. Its formatter deliberately produces Black-compatible output rather than inventing a new style, so adopting Ruff doesn’t mean relearning a different formatting convention.

For new projects, Ruff’s linter plus formatter together is a strong default over running Black and Flake8 as two separate tools — see Black vs Ruff vs autopep8 vs yapf for the fuller comparison.